No one has a monopoly of the true publish a Philippine history. and zealous missionaries determined to wipe out native beliefs and cultural practices, Annotation of Antonio Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. Spaniards. refused to grant him the raise in salary which he asked. The Book of Dr. Antonio de Morga, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, was important because it described the events in 1493-1603, and it was a clear account of the history of the islands. What would Japan have been now had not its emperors uprooted Catholicism? He replied that it was desirable that they should leave, but it was to be arranged gently lest the Emperor be driven to war. Other sources, however, claim that Rizal learned about Antonio Morga from his mountains by two Friars who had a numerous escort of Pampangans. Quoted in Quinn, D. B., The Roanoke Voyages, 16841590, II (London, Hakluyt Society, 1955), 514.Google Scholar. defend their homes against a powerful invader, with superior forces, many of whom The southern islands, the Bisayas, were also called "The Land of the Painted People (or Pintados, in Spanish)" because the natives had their bodies decorated with tracings made with fire, somewhat like tattooing. Morga shows that the ancient Filipinos had army and navy with artillery and other implements of warfare. It was that in the journey after death to "Kalualhatian," the abode of the spirit, there was a dangerous river to cross that had no bridge other than a very narrow strip of wood over which a woman could not pass unless she had a husband or lover to extend a hand to assist her. . } By the Christian religion, Doctor Morga appears to mean the Roman Catholic which by fire and sword he would preserve in its purity in the Philippines. In order to understand these, let us take a look at some of the most important annotations of Rizal. The artillery cast for the new stone fort in Manila, says Morga, was by the hand of an ancient Filipino. The practice of the southern pirates almost proves this, although in these piratical wars the Spaniards were the first aggressors and gave them their character. The Sucesos is the work of an honest observer, himself a major actor in the drama of his time, a versatile bureaucrat, who knew the workings of the administration from the inside.It is also the first history of the Spanish Philippines to be written by a layman, as opposed to the religious chroniclers. The book was an unbiased presentation of 16th century Filipino culture. Argensola has preserved the name of the Filipino who killed Rodriguez de Figueroa. That established in 1584 was in Lamayan, that is, Santa Ana now, and was transferred to the old site in 1590. Bisayan usage then was the same procedure that the Japanese today follow. If the work serves to awaken our own day consider Christians. Though not mentioned by Morga, the Cebuano aided the Spaniards in their expedition against Manila, for which reason they were long exempted from tribute. The discovery, conquest and conversion cost Spanish blood but still more Filipino 7 (Lisbon, 1956), 480.Google Scholar, 10. Consequently, in this respect, the pacifiers introduced no moral improvement. Why did Rizal considered Morga's work a best account of Spanish Colonization in the Philippines? The Spanish historians of the Philippines never overlook any opportunity, be it Name______________________________________, Course and Section _________________________. according to some historians, Magellan lost his life on Mactan and the soldiers of Torres-Navas, , V, 204.Google Scholar, 31. and as well slaves of the churches and convents. From what you have learned, provide at least 5 It neither is, nor ought to be, decayed. The English, for example, find their gorge rising when they see a Spaniard eating snails, while in turn the Spanish find roast beef English-style repugnant and can't understand the relish of other Europeans for beefsteak a la Tartar which to them is simply raw meat. He meticulously added footnotes on every Deputy Governor in the country, he reinstated the Audiencia, taking over the function of The English, for example, find their gorge rising when they see a Spaniard No one has a monopoly of the true God nor is there any nation or religion that can claim, or at any rate prove, that to it has been given the exclusive right to the Creator of all things or sole knowledge of His real being. Both these authors' allegations may have contributed, but more important was the fact that there was no law to compel these Chinamen to row in the galleys. The expeditions captained by Columbus and Magellan, one a Genoese Italian and the other a Portuguese, as well as those that came after them, although Spanish fleets, still were manned by many nationalities and in them went negroes, Moluccans, and even men from the Philippines and the Marianes Islands. hasContentIssue true, Copyright The National University of Singapore 1969, Antonio De Morga and his Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0217781100005081, Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. Nevertheless in other lands, notably in Flanders, these means were ineffective to keep the church unchanged, or to maintain its supremacy, or even to hold its subjects. It continued to work until 1805. But the contrary was the fact among the mountain tribes. For him, the native populations of the we may add Portuguese, Italians, French, Greeks, and even Africans and Polynesians. 3107; III, 83, Item No. He was also in command of the Spanish ships in a 1600 naval battle It was not discovered who did it nor was any investigation ever made. (Hernando de los Rios Coronel in Blair, XVIII, 329; see also Torres-Navas V, No. An account of the history of the Spanish colony in the Philippines during the 16th century. It might be advisable to lead up to the matter by informing the Japanese Emperor of the recent troubles, resulting in some deaths, caused by the Chinese in Manila: this would show that the Spanish were not being unjust. ).Google Scholar, 32. SJ., The Jesuits in the Philippines (Cambridge, Mass., 1961), 349.Google Scholar, 33. The book discusses the political, social and economical aspects of a colonizer and the colonized country. It was published in 1609 after he was reassigned to Mexico in two volumes . or killed, all sacrificed together with so many other things to the prestige of that empty According to him it was covetousness of the wealth aboard that led them to revolt and kill the governor. Nowadays this industry is reduced to small craft, scows and coasters. In his dedication to complete his new edition of the Sucesos, he explained among other things, that the purpose of his work is: If the book (Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas) succeeds to awaken your consciousness of our past, already effaced from your memory, and to rectify what has been falsified and slandered, then I have not worked in vain, and with this as a basis, however small it may be, we shall be able to study the future., What, then, was Morgas purpose for writing the Sucesos? 37. unchanged, or to maintain its supremacy, or even to hold its subjects. The expedition of Villalobos, intermediate between Magellan's and Legaspi's, gave the name "Philipina" to one of the southern islands, Tendaya, now perhaps Leyte, and this name later was extended to the whole archipelago. Some stayed in Manila as prisoners, one, Governor Corcuera, passing five years with Fort Santiago as his prison. MS. Exciibania de Camara 410, f.58-v, Archive of the Indies, Seville. The Hakluyt Society, a text publication society in 1851 catches its attention and an edition was prepared by H. E. J. Stanley but was only published in 1868. Morga's remark that the Filipinos like fish better when it is commencing to turn judge or oidor. We have the testimony of several Dominican and Augustinian missionaries that it was impossible to go anywhere to make conversions without other Filipinos along and a guard of soldiers. His extensive annotations are no less than 639 items or almost two annotations for every page, commenting even on Morgas typographical errors. could not reach, and in harmony with this massiveness was all the woodwork above and Death has always been the first sign of European civilization on its introduction in The Emperor was to be informed that trade relations with Japan were desired, for the Japanese brought arms, iron, bronze, salpetre, and meal (Juan de Ribera, SJ., Casos morales' f. 149.r, MS in archive of San Cugat college, Barcelona). Father Chirino's work, printed at Rome in One wonders why the Philippines could have a Add a meaning Add SUCESOS DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS details Phonetic spelling of SUCESOS DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS Add phonetic spelling Synonyms for SUCESOS DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS Add synonyms Protestants, whom neither the Roman Catholics of Morga's day nor many Catholics in Antonio De Morga and his Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas It will be seen later on in Morga that with the Spaniards and on behalf of Spain 26. which by fire and sword he would preserve in its purity in the Philippines. Through the centuries, Jose Rizal has been known to be an earnest seeker of Through the centuries, Jose Rizal has been known to be an earnest seeker of truth it is this characteristic that marked him as a great historian. As to the mercenary social evil, that is worldwide and there is no nation that can 'throw the first stone' at any other. . The Filipinos' favorite fish Explain the underlying purpose of Morgas Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. to Colin, of red color, a shade for which they had the same fondness that the Romans below. adjacent islands. From the first edition, Mexico, 1609. Tones-Navas, , III, xlvGoogle Scholar; Retana, , 405, 425Google Scholar; Blair, , VI, 176181.Google Scholar, 9. All of these are touched on by Morga to a greater or lesser degree, and he also treats the appearance on the Asian scene of Dutch rivals to Spanish imperial ambitions. Soliman. Former Raja Lakandola, of Tondo, with his sons and his kinsmen went, too, with 200 more Bisayans and they were joined by other Filipinos in Pangasinan. English of "Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas". Morga sailed in the Santiago (Navas, Torres, III, 11718Google Scholar; IV, 11. Spanish rule). Of the government of Don Pedro de Acuiia 8. Vigan was his encomienda and the Ilokanos there were his heirs. The barbarous tribes in Mindanao still have the same taste. Antonio de Morga (1559-1636) was a Spanish conquistador, a lawyer and a The escort's leader was Don Agustin Sonson who had a reputation for daring and carried fire and sword into the country, killing many, including the chief, Kabadi. Manilans, then Moros, into the sea when they recognized their defeat. Cloth. He was also a historian. "Otherwise, says those whom they did not know, extorting for them heavy ransoms. Sucesos was done by an early biographer of Rizal, Austin Craig (1872-1949). remembered for his work as a historian. The . not once a year merely but at times repeating their raids five and six times in a single What would these same writers have said if the crimes committed by the Spaniards, the Portuguese and the Dutch in their colonies had been committed by the islanders? 36. Morga himself says, further on in telling of the pirate raids from the south, that previous to the Spanish domination the islands had arms and defended themselves. Spaniards. which they considered idolatrous and savage. age was well advanced, as the Morga history shows in its eighth chapter. Rather than expose his two youngest children to the perils of the voyage Morga left them in Spain. genealogies of which the early historians tell, thanks to the zeal of the missionaries in uncle, Jose Alberto, This knowledge about an ancient Philippine history written by a Spain. Published online by Cambridge University Press: Captain Gabriel de Rivera, a Spanish commander who had gained fame in a raid on Borneo and the Malacca coast, was the first envoy from the Philippines to take up with the King of Spain the needs of the archipelago. and 3,000 warriors, against the capital of Panay, is the first act of piracy by the For instance, the comment that Morga is now Alcalde de Corte in Mexico, but he deserves a higher and better post (Breve et veridique relation des evenements du Cambodge par Gabriel Quiroga de San Antonio Valladolid, 1604, ed. This statement has regard to the concise and concrete form In of the funeral of Governor Dasmarias' predecessor, Governor Ronquillo, was made, They depopulated the country and bankrupted the treasury, with not the slightest compensating benefit. Activity/ Evaluation 10 Instructions: In not more than 5 sentences each. Martin Perez de Ayala's autobiography gives a vivid impression of how the Moriscos were regarded in sixteenth-century Spain: in1 1550 when he became bishop of Gaudix he felt as though he had been appointed to a new church in Africa. The importation of Spanish civilization did not necessarily, and certainly not in all spheres of interest, improved the state of the Philippines. His book, published in 1609, ranges more widely than its title suggests since the Spanish were also active in China, Japan, Southeast Asia, Taiwan, the Moluccas, Marianas and other Pacific islands. not seen and, as it was wartime, it would have been the height of folly, in view of the dispossessed by the Spaniards of their old homes in what is now the walled city of there were always more Filipinos fighting than Spaniards. lack of master foundry men shows that after the death of the Filipino Panday Pira there Philippine situation during the Spanish period. 38. neighboring islands but into Manila Bay to Malate, to the very gates of the capital, and under guise of preaching the faith and making Christians, they should win over the Spain, and that it is the islands which owe everything. Philippine culture. Manila. Two others died before he reached Manila. These were chanted on voyages in cadence with the rowing, or at festivals, or funerals, or wherever there happened to be any considerable gatherings. 4229; 114, Item No. attributable to the simplicity with which they obeyed their natural instincts but much That is, he knew how to cast cannon even before the coming of the Spaniards, hence he was distinguished as 4"ancient." The original book was rare B. Morga was a layman not a religious chroniclers C. More sympathetic to the indios D. Morga was not only an eyewitness but also a major in the events he narrated. Like almost all of you, I was born and brought up in ignorance of our Argensola has preserved the name of the Filipino who killed Rodriguez de 42. Japanese and oblige them to make themselves of the Spanish party, and finally it told of "If the book manages to awaken in you the awareness of our past, erased from memory, and to rectify what has been falsified and slandered, then I will not have labored in vain, and with this base, however small it may be, we shall all be able to dedicate ourselves to study the future". The book also includes Filipino customs, traditions, manners, and religion during the Spanish conquest. All these because of For one, the book tells the history of wars, intrigues, diplomacy and evangelization of the Philippines in a somewhat disjointed way. Among the Filipinos who aided the government when the Manila Chinese revolted, Argensola says there were 4,000 Pampangans "armed after the way of their land, with bows and arrows, short lances, shields, and broad and long daggers." He was respectable enough to have a book dedicated to him: e.g. The chiefs used to wear upper garments, usually of Indian fine gauze according He wrote the first lay formal history of the Philippines conquest by Spain. Las maravillas naturales ms impresionantes del mundo - NIUS with them to Panay. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, 1609, by Antonio de Morga - Apple Books Rizal on Annotations of Antonio Morga's Sucesos las Islas Filipinas (Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas) 1559 - July 21, 1636 Antonio de Morga His history is valuable in that Morgahad access to the survivors of the earliest days of the colony and he, himself, participated in many of the accounts that he rendered. An early historian asserts that without this fortunate circumstance, for the 7870). This interest, continued and among his goods when he died was a statute of san Antonio, a martyr in Japan (Retana, 161*). A Dominican brother describes a colleague's love of penance; he showed no longing to return to Spain, a rare thing indeed here. They had with them 400 Tagalogs and Pampangans. variously called, who had been driven out by his brother, more than fifteen hundred Morga himself says, further on in telling of the pirate raids from the south, title, Spanish sovereignty. He it was who saved Manila from Li Ma-hong. The leaders bore themselves bravely for Argensola writes that in the assault on Ternate, "No officer, Spaniard or Indian, went unscathed.". Figueroa's soldiers who had died in battle. 1516 (1933), 502529; Ano V, Num. Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas.docx - Antonio de Morga country, and had neither offended nor declared war upon the Spaniards. When did Rizal encountered Dr. Morga's writing? for many of the insurrections. Jose Rizal [Rizal and the Propaganda Movement] Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, a book published by Dr. Antonio de Morga Sanchez, a Spanish lawyer and historian. Antonio de Alcedo in his Diccionario geografico de las lndias (178689) recorded his death as having taken place in 1603. Morga's main source for his account of the affair was probably the Relacion of Diego de Guevara, O.E.S.A. The cannon foundry mentioned by Morga as in the walled city was probably on the site of the Tagalog one which was destroyed by fire on the first coming of the Spaniards. relations with the Philippines. representative then but may not have one now. Morga's expression that the Spaniards "brought war to the gates of the Filipinos" is in marked contrast with the word used by subsequent historians whenever recording Spain's possessing herself of a province, that she pacified it. It is not the fact that the Filipinos were unprotected before the coming of the Spaniards. and other heathens yet occupy the greater part territorially of the archipelago. narrates observations about the Filipinos and the Philippines from the perspective of the Cummins Edition 1st Edition First Published 1971 eBook Published 20 March 2017 Pub. In corroboration of this may be cited the claims that Japan fell within the Pope's demarcation lines for Spanish expansion and so there was complaint of missionaries other than Spanish there. He was a spanish administrator who served in the Ph in the late 16th century -- he served as Lieutenant-Governor, second most powerful position in the colony of the Ph in 1593. There was a later, unproven, allegation by one of his enemies that he paid 10,000 pesos in bribes for the post (Phelan, , Quito, 134, 375).Google Scholar. They had matters of food, each is nauseated with what he is unaccustomed to or doesn't know is The rest of their artillery equipment had been thrown by the Manilans, then Moros, into the sea when they recognized their defeat. relationship may be found in the interference by the religious orders with the institutions Colin, 's Labor evangelicaGoogle Scholar claimed to supersede earlier writers because it is based on authorised and accredited reports. Ana, with 122,000 gold pesos, a great quantity of rich textiles-silks, satins and damask, A., Bibliography of Early Spanish Relations, Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan, XLIII, Pt. By the Jesuit's line of reasoning, the heroic Spanish peasantry in their war for independence would have been a people even more treacherous. The Spaniards, says Morga, were accustomed to hold as slaves such natives as Antonio de Morga was an official of the colonial bureaucracy in Manila and could consequently draw upon much material that would otherwise have been inaccessible. contains a great deal of valuable material on usages and customs. The early cathedral of wood which was burned through carelessness at the time very straightforward historical annotations, which corrected the original book and though historically based, the annotations reflects his strong anticlerical bias. Antonio de Morga: Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. Translated - JSTOR are worthy of admiration and some of them are richly damascened. as if it were said that it was turned over to sack, abandoned to the cruelty and The Filipino chiefs who at their own expense went with the Spanish expedition an ancient Filipino. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas is a book written and published by Antonio de Morga considered one of the most important works on the early history of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. were not Spaniards skilled enough to take his place, nor were his sons as expert as he. God grant that it may not be the last, though to judge by statistics the civilized islands are losing their populations at a terrible rate. season. been given the exclusive right to the Creator of all things or sole knowledge of His real Published personal knowledge of our ancient nationality in its last days. 24. A new edition of First Series 39. Awakened the passive natives about their rights and real setup in their homeland. For the rest, today the Philippines has no reason to blush in comparing its womankind with the King of Spain the needs of the archipelago. 3099067 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG 2023 Informa UK Limited, Cummins, J.S. coming at times when they were unprotected by the government, which was the reason The expedition which followed the Chinese corsair Li Ma-hong, after his The Chinaman, who likes shark's meat, cannot bear Roquefort cheese, and these examples might be indefinitely extended. This new feature enables different reading modes for our document viewer. Feature Flags: { With this preparation, truce for a marriage among Mindanao "principalia." The Spaniards, says Morga, were accustomed to hold as slaves such natives as they bought and others that they took in the forays in the conquest or pacification of the islands.. He authored the book, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas Two days previously he had given a banquet, slaying for it a beef Merga's enemies made an attempt to blame him for the rising (Retana, 11*-15). of the South" because earlier there had been other acts of piracy, the earliest being that But in our day it has been more than a century since the The loss of two Mexican galleons in 1603 called forth no comment from the religious chroniclers who were accustomed to see the avenging hand of God in the misfortunes and accidents of their enemies. dish is the bagoong and whoever has tried to eat it knows that it is not considered SUCESOS DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS (REPORT) - YouTube Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, 1609, by Antonio de Morga the Philippines. were, by reason of their armor, invulnerable so far as rude Indians were concerned. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (English: Events in the Philippine Islands) is a book written and published by Antonio de Morga considered one of the most important works on the early history of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. that civilized people hunt, fish, and subjugate people that are weak or ill-armed. ", Chapter 4: Higher Education and Life Abroad, Chapter 8 : Rizal's Changing View and Spanish. Hernando de los Rios blames these Moluccan wars for the fact that at first the Philippines were a source of expense to Spain instead of profitable in spite of the tremendous sacrifices of the Filipinos, their practically gratuitous labor in building and equipping the galleons, and despite, too, the tribute, tariffs and other imposts and monopolies. Rizal reluctantly chose to annotate Morga's book over some other early Spanis accounts. From the earliest Spanish days ships were built in the islands, which might be considered evidence of native culture. Jeronimo de Jesus', Archivum Franciscanum Historicum, XXII (1929), 204n)Google Scholar. Indeed, for Rizal, the conquest of Spaniards contributed in part to the decline of Philippines rich tradition and culture. Chirino relates an anecdote of his coolness under fire once during a truce for a marriage among Mindanao "principalia." What are the salient goals of Rizal in writing the Annotations of Antonio Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas? these same Indians were defenseless against the balls from their muskets. other artillery, muskets were unknown till the Spaniards came. The peaceful country folk are deprived of arms and thus made unable to defend themselves against the bandits, or tulisanes, which the government cannot restrain. Publication date 1609 Topics Philippines -- History -- 1521-1812, Philippines -- Description and travel Publisher En Mexico. Yet these same Indians were defenseless against the balls from their muskets.
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